Behind the Scenes at the Museum by Kate Atkinson

My cynical take on the literary novel: a literary novel is one where you the reader don't understand something important. To turn that into a positive, it's a novel big and complex and strong enough that there's more than any reader can exhaust in one reading - that there will be more to it every time you come back.

But it does leave you with at least that one big question.

In this case, for me it was: what does the title mean?

Behind the Scenes at the Museum was Kate Atkinson's first novel, winning the Whitbread in 1995. It's not about a museum.

It's set mostly in York - the old one, in Yorkshire, in the north of England - where there's a locally-famous York Castle Museum, I find doing some searching after reading the book. York Castle seems to be more focused on ordinary people's lives than the typical museum, which is one clue to the title. But I've never been to York, much less seen the museum exhibits. And my mental image of "museum" is big and old and probably just a bit dull, monumental stones and ancient gewgaws and random bric-a-brac once owned by some guy famous for killing a bunch of people.

This is not a novel about anything like that kind of museum. Again, it's not about any kind of museum. But it's a family saga, which means a novel about several generations - and, as usual for a family saga, mostly about the women, and often about the things that go wrong and how they struggle through life.

It's told by Ruby Lennox, starting with the moment of her conception in 1951. She is our omniscient narrator - well, omniscient when telling us about what's going on when she's in utero, and omniscient in the alternating Footnote chapters, which tell stories of other family members of the past, up through their own ends. She's not omniscient in her own life, in the numbered main chapters that march forward in time from 1951 through the next two decades.

Her voice is candid and discursive, friendly and engaging, immediate and funny. It's much stronger in the numbered chapters; she drops back a bit into the background when telling us about people who aren't Ruby Lennox.

I said this was a family saga, which back when I was in publishing we used to joke was code for "three generations of women." It's not quite code, and not quite three generations, but that's broadly true: this is the story of several generations, mostly of women, seeing them both as daughters in their childhoods and then as mothers, after their inevitable not-quite-right marriages and they try to raise children but turn out to be temperamentally bad at it. We see the men, too, but more from the outside - as fascinating, attractive figures as young men and as infuriating, often-unfaithful liars in their later years.

This is a big family, with a couple of dozen major characters across the three or four generations. But don't worry: a lot of them will die young. That doesn't mean they become less important, or stop being mentioned - the narrative bounces through timelines as it goes back and forth between the forward motion of the main numbered chapters and the historical Footnotes. And the dead are always there in a family: always remembered, as real as the people left behind.

Atkinson is amazingly funny here, particularly for a book with so much death and sadness in it: the historical timeline includes the two World Wars, both of which wallop this family, and plenty of smaller, more personal calamities. Multiple family members run off, never to be seen again. Several hallowed family stories - two of them about deaths - turn out not to be actually true.

You might have guessed I'm not going to give a plot synopsis. It's not the kind of book where that would be useful, and even the question of what order to tell things in would be fraught. But this is a big, funny, sad, true book, both mournful and joyful, that ends on a perfect note and is told beautifully in a glorious voice. I can easily see how it won an award, and I can easily see the strengths Atkinson brought to the later novels I've already read. As long as you accept that women's stories are worth telling, and telling well, in a literary novel - I don't think that should be controversial, but there are still troglodytes lurking here and there - this is a major, impressive, wonderful one.